Vitamins and minerals are naturally occurring substances necessary for many processes in the body. Vitamins and minerals are found in the foods we eat.

Multivitamins (combinations of vitamins) and minerals are available in tablets, capsules, liquids, and injections. Multivitamins and minerals are used to treat vitamin and mineral shortages in the body that may occur because of illness, pregnancy, poor nutrition, decreased absorption of foods through the stomach, and many other circumstances.

Multivitamins and minerals may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

Take multivitamins and minerals exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these directions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.

Take each dose with a full glass of water.

Take multivitamins and minerals with food to lessen stomach upset.

Some multivitamins and minerals are available in a chewable tablet formulation. Chew these tablets thoroughly before swallowing.

Some multivitamins and minerals are also available in liquid form. To ensure that you get the correct dosage, measure liquid multivitamins and minerals with a dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist where you can get one.

Do not take more of a vitamin or mineral than is prescribed for you or is directed on the package. Large doses of multivitamins and minerals can be dangerous.

Store multivitamins and minerals at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

Before taking a multivitamin and mineral, tell your doctor if you are taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medicines. You may not be able to take the multivitamin and mineral supplement, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring if you are taking any other medicines.

There are no restrictions on food, beverages, or activities while you are taking vitamin or mineral supplements. Follow any special instructions your doctor gives you.

Seek emergency medical attention.

Most commonly, symptoms of a vitamin and mineral overdose include nausea and vomiting.

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take only the next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose.

Do not take more of a multivitamin and minerals than is prescribed for you or is directed on the package. Large doses of multivitamins and minerals can be dangerous.

Some multivitamins and minerals may affect other medical conditions or treatments. Do not start taking a vitamin or mineral without first talking to your doctor if you have any health problems or conditions, or if you take other medications.

Multivitamins and minerals are generally considered to be safe for use during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Special prenatal vitamins are available and are important for the healthy development of a baby. However, large doses of some vitamins can be harmful. Talk to your doctor about taking a vitamin and mineral supplement during pregnancy or breast-feeding.

Your pharmacist has more information about multivitamins and minerals written for health professionals that you may read.

Multivitamins and minerals are available by prescription and over-the-counter generically and under many brand names in several formulations. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.